11月9日，2004年諾貝爾huaxue獎得主阿龍?qie哈諾沃jiao授將kai講首場“GTIIT-Technion科技領軍人物系列講座”。

yi乳腺癌heqian列腺癌為例，患you相si疾病的患者對類si療fa反應不同，他們的病程ye大不相同。zui近我們kai始意識到，我們所認為的同一種疾病的潛在fen子ji制，在不同的人身上是不一樣的。因此，乳腺癌或qian列腺癌si乎可yi根據其fen子te征he引起突bian的yuan因細fen為不同類bie。我們zheng在走chu“一刀qie”治療duo種疾病的舊shi代，進入“ge性hua醫療”的新shi代，根據患者的fen子/突bianpu來ding制治療方案。erzhe將伴隨著fu雜的生物倫理問題，大量人口的遺傳信息將bei獲取，隱私bao護bian得zhi關zhong要，基因編輯ye需嚴格監管。zui近的新冠疫情進一步jiaju了倫理問題，反疫苗運動便是其中一ge例子。

阿龍?qie哈諾沃jiao授1947年chu生于yi色列海fa市，是yi色列理工xue院杰chujiao授。他于1971年獲耶路撒冷市希伯萊大xue理xue碩士xue位，1973年獲gai校醫xue博士xue位。1973年zhi1976年間，他擔任軍隊醫生，隨後繼續在色列理工xue院的醫xue院xue習shen造，並獲得生物科xue博士xue位。在研究生階段，他與阿夫la姆?heshi科博士、mei國feichengfu克斯蔡斯癌癥ing牡u文?羅斯博士共同發xian了泛素jiangjie向目標蛋白質發chu的共價連ou藕牛oyi了接合的ji理，描述其中的一ban蛋白水jie功neng，並提chumo型表明zhe一bian體為下游蛋白黴的識bie信號。隨後在麻省理工大xue哈維?羅迪西博士的帶領下從事博士後研究，qi間他繼續研究泛素系統，並取得i淥恍hong大發xian。duo年研究表明，泛素介導的蛋白jiangjietu徑在細胞bianhua過ao釁鸕hong要作yong，系統的畸bianye是導致很duo病bian的致病ji理，包括惡性腫瘤heshen經退xing性疾病。因此，gai系統yi經成為yao物kai發的一gezhong要平tai。

阿龍?qie哈諾沃jiao授獲得眾duo獎項he榮譽，包括2000年度Albert Lasker獎、2003年度yi色列獎章，並與heshi博士he羅斯博士共同獲得2004年度諾貝爾huaxue獎。同shi，他在眾duoxueshujigou中均you任職，目qian是yi色列國家科xue人文xue院的成ao　　ei國yishu與科xue院、mei國哲xue協hui、mei國國家科xue院、醫xue研究所任外籍研究aoe是梵蒂岡宗座科xue院、中國科xue院he俄羅斯科xue院的外籍院士。

The first lecture this year is delivered by Nobel Prize Laureate (Chemistry 2004) Prof. Aaron Ciechanover, entitled The Road Between Patients and Curative Medical Technologies is Strewn with Bioethical Bumps: Lessons from the COVID-19 Pandemic and Beyond.

The realization that patients with apparently similar diseases breast or prostate cancer, for example - respond differently to similar treatments and their disease course differ vastly, we have recently begun to understand that the underlying molecular mechanisms of what we thought is the same disease, are different in different people. Thus, breast or prostate cancers appear to be sub-divided to smaller distinct classes according to their molecular characteristics and the causing mutations. As a result, we are exiting now the era where the treatment of many diseases is "one size fits all", and enter a new era of "personalized medicine" where the treatment will be tailored according to the patient's

molecular/mutational profile. The era will be accompanied by complex bioethical problems. Among them is that genetic information of large populations will become available, protection of privacy will become an important issue, and gene editing will have to be tightly regulated. The ethical issues have been accentuated along the recent pandemic, and one example is of course the anti-vaccination movement.

Prof. Aaron Ciechanover was born in Haifa, Israel in 1947. He is a distinguished research professor at the Technion - Israel Institute of Technology in Haifa. He received his M.Sc. (1971) and M.D. (1973) from the Hebrew University in Jerusalem. He then completed his national service (1973-1976) as a military physician, after which he continued his studies and obtained his doctorate degree in biological sciences in the Faculty of Medicine in the Technion (D.Sc. 1982). At that time, Prof. Aaron Ciechanover was a graduate student under Dr. Avram Hershko and in collaboration with Dr. Irwin A. Rose from the Fox Chase Cancer Center in Philadelphia, USA, when they discovered that covalent attachment of ubiquitin to a target protein signals it for degradation. After deciphering the mechanism of conjugation, they described the general proteolytic functions of the system and proposed a model according to which this modification serves as a recognition signal for a specific downstream protease. As a post-doctoral fellow with Dr. Harvey Lodish at the M.I.T., he continued his studies on the ubiquitin system and made additional important discoveries. Along the years it has become clear that ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis plays major roles in numerous cellular processes, and aberrations in the system underlie the pathogenetic mechanisms of many diseases, among them certain malignancies and neurodegenerative disorders. Consequently, the system has become an important platform for drug development.

Among the numerous prizes Ciechanover has received are the 2000 Albert Lasker Award, the 2003 Israel Prize, and the 2004 Nobel Prize (Chemistry; shared with Drs. Hershko and Rose). Among many academies, Ciechanover is member of the Israeli National Academy of Sciences and Humanities, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (Foreign Fellow), the American Philosophical Society, the National Academy of Sciences of the USA and the Institute of Medicine of the National Academies of the USA (Foreign Associate), the Pontifical Academy of Sciences at the Vatican, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS; Foreign Member), and the Russian Academy of Sciences (Foreign Member).